Water-Resource Studies
  
Given the protracted nature of many water-resource problems, it is critical that a consultant has the ability to define and focus on the relevant issues in order to develop timely and cost-effective solutions. Through its years of experience, SSP&A has developed that ability -- to pinpoint the technical and regulatory issues confronting our clients, to conceptualize the most pragmatic and cost-effective approach for the particular issue at hand, and to provide state-of-the-art technical services for investigating and addressing our clients water-resource needs and issues.

SSP&A's water-resource services include:

Groundwater

• Identification of the direction and rate of groundwater movement;

• Analysis of aquifer recharge / discharge mechanisms;

• Analysis of vadose-zone and design of groundwater monitoring networks;

• Development of groundwater supply, and evaluation of suitability of a water-resource for irrigation and industrial use;

• Testing and analysis of aquifers to define:
      - Hydraulic properties of water-bearing units,
      - Secondary or low permeability characteristics,
      - Leakage of confining units,
      - Storage capacity,
      - Safe yield of aquifer systems, and
      - Pumpage rate estimates;

• Analysis and implementation of subsurface disposal/injection of liquids;

• Dewatering (of mines and for slope stability).

Surface Water

• Analysis of groundwater/surface-water relationships and conjunctive use;

• Identification of local and regional water use;

• Evaluation and simulation of circulation and flow in rivers and estuaries and of sediment transport;

• Identification of sediment deposition and impact zones;

• Water-quality monitoring of springs, seeps, streams and ponds;

• Monitoring stream-stage/piezometer relationships.